[cc lang=css]
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 320px)
and (max-device-width : 480px) {
body {
background: red;
}
}
[/cc]

Com isso estou dizendo: SE (ι um dipositivo de tela) E (sua largura estα entre 320 e 480), o <body> terα um background vermelho.

O site csstricks.com nos deu esse fantαstico snippet

[cc lang=css]
/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape)  */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 320px)
and (max-device-width : 480px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (landscape)  */
@media only screen
and (min-width : 321px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (portrait)  */
@media only screen
and (max-width : 320px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait and landscape)  */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 768px)
and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (landscape)  */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 768px)
and (max-device-width : 1024px)
and (orientation : landscape) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait)  */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 768px)
and (max-device-width : 1024px)
and (orientation : portrait) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Desktops and laptops  */
@media only screen
and (min-width : 1224px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Large screens  */
@media only screen
and (min-width : 1824px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 4  */
@media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5),
only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5) {
/* Styles */
}/*
Design by Free CSS Templates
http://www.freecsstemplates.org
Released for free under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License
*/

body {
	margin: 20px 0;
	padding: 0;
	background: #FFFFFF;
	font: normal small "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	color: #666666;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	text-transform: uppercase;
}

a {
	color: #5D0E0E;
}

a:hover {
	text-decoration: none;
	color: #FF0000;
}

.image {
	float: left;
	margin: 0 15px 10px 0;
}

/* Header */

#header {
	width: 760px;
	height: 120px;
	margin: 0 auto;
	background: #000000 url(images/img1.jpg);
}

#header h1, #header h2 {
	float: left;
	padding: 94px 0 0 7px;
	font-size: 18px;
}

#header a {
	text-decoration: none;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

/* Pages */

#pages {
	clear: both;
	width: 760px;
	height: 43px;
	margin: 0 auto;
	background: #000000 url(images/img2.gif);
}

#pages h2 {
	display: none;
}

#pages ul {
	float: right;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 7px 0 0 0;
	list-style: none;
}

#pages li {
	display: inline;
}

#pages a {
	display: block;
	float: left;
	height: 25px;
	margin: 0 2px 0 0;
	padding: 7px 15px 0 15px;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	text-decoration: none;
	letter-spacing: -1px;
	font-size: 14px;
	font-weight: bold;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

#pages a:hover, #pages .active a {
	padding-left: 14px;
	padding-right: 14px;
	background: #580505 url(images/img3.gif);
	border: 1px solid #000000;
	border-bottom: none;
}

/* Boxed */

.boxed {
	float: right;
	width: 180px;
	margin-bottom: 10px;
	padding-left: 10px;
}

.boxed .heading {
	height: 26px;
	padding: 6px 0 0 10px;
	background: #5F1010 url(images/img4.gif);
	border: 1px solid #000000;
	border-bottom: none;
	font-size: 1em;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

.boxed .content {
	background: #F2F2F2 url(images/img5.gif) repeat-x left bottom;
}

.boxed .content ul {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 10px;
	list-style: none;
}

.boxed .content li {
	padding: 3px 0;
	border-top: 1px dotted #5D0E0E;
}

.boxed .content li.first {
	border: none;
}

.boxed .content a {
	padding-left: 10px;
	background: transparent url(images/img8.gif) no-repeat left center;
	text-decoration: none;
	color: #5D0E0E;
}

.boxed .content a:hover {
	color: #FF0000;
}

/* Posts */

.post {
	background: #F2F2F2 url(images/img5.gif) repeat-x left bottom;
}

.post .title {
	padding: 0 0 0 13px;
	background: #FFFFFF url(images/img9.gif) no-repeat left center;
	color: #000000;
}

.post .posted {
	padding: 2px 10px 4px 10px;
	background: #5F1010 url(images/img4.gif);
	border: 1px solid #000000;
	border-bottom: none;
	font-size: .7em;
	font-weight: normal;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

.post .story {
	padding: 10px 20px;
}

.post .meta {
	padding: 1px 10px;
}

/* Content */

#content {
	width: 760px;
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 20px 0;
}

/* Posts */

#posts {
	float: left;
	width: 370px;
}

/* Archives */

#archives {
}

/* Search */

#search form {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 20px 10px;
}

#textfield1 {
	width: 110px;
	padding: 2px 5px;
	background: #894F4F url(images/img6.gif) repeat-x;
	border: 1px solid #000000;
	font: bold 10px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

#submit1 {
	width: 30px;
	background: #5F1010 url(images/img7.gif) repeat-x;
	border: 1px solid #000000;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	font: bold 9px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	color: #FFFFFF;
}

/* Footer */

#footer {
	clear: both;
	width: 760px;
	margin: 0 auto;
	background: #FFFFFF url(images/img5.gif) repeat-x;
}

#footer p {
	padding: 10px;
	font-size: .8em;
}
[/cc]